Bowker Publisher

1. Which year did Frederick Leypoldt establish the first periodical, the Literary Bulletin?

a) 1860

b) 1868 (Correct)

c) 1870

d) 1872

Explanation: Leypoldt founded the Literary Bulletin in 1868.

2. What was the forerunner to the well-known publication "Books in Print"?

a) Publishers Weekly

b) Annual American Catalogue (Correct)

c) Publishers' Uniform Trade-List Annual

d) Library Journal

Explanation: Leypoldt's "Annual American Catalogue" (1870) was the forerunner to "Books in

Print."

3. In what year did the Xerox Corporation acquire R. R. Bowker?

a) 1960

b) 1967 (Correct)

c) 1970

d) 1975

Explanation: 1967 as the year Xerox acquired R. R. Bowker.

4. After R. R. Bowker's acquisition by Xerox, which company did Publishers Weekly transfer

to in 1985?

a) Cahners Publishing Company (Correct)

b) Reed International

c) Cambridge Information Group

d) Information Today Inc.

Explanation: Publishers Weekly was transferred to Cahners Publishing Company in 1985.

5. What is the current owner of R. R. Bowker LLC?

a) Xerox Corporation

b) Reed International (RELX Group)

c) Cambridge Information Group (Correct)

d) Information Today Inc.

Explanation: Cambridge Information Group acquired Bowker in 2001 and currently owns R. R.

Bowker LLC (affiliate of ProQuest).

6. In which year did R. R. Bowker begin his association with Publishers Weekly?

a) 1870

b) 1871

c) 1872 (Correct)

d) 1873

Explanation: Bowker began working at Publishers Weekly in 1872.

7. What publication was first issued in 1873?

a) Publishers Weekly

b) The American Catalog

c) Library Journal

d) Publishers Trade List Annual (Correct)

Explanation: 1873 as the year for the first Publishers' Trade List Annual publication.

8. R. R. Bowker collaborated with whom to publish the first volume of Library Journal?

a) Frederick Leypoldt (Correct)

b) Carolyn Ulrich

c) Xerox Corporation

d) Melville Dewey

Explanation: Melville Dewey as Bowker's partner for Library Journal's first volume in 1874.

9. When did R. R. Bowker acquire ownership of Publishers Weekly?

a) 1872

b) 1878 (Correct)

c) 1880

d) 1932

Explanation: 1878 as the year Bowker purchased Publishers Weekly.

10. Which publication, a precursor to Books in Print, was released in 1880?

a) Publishers Weekly

b) Library Journal

c) The American Catalog (Correct)

d) Periodicals Directory

Explanation: "The American Catalog" (1880) served as the forerunner to Books in Print.

11. The R. R. Bowker Company published its first edition of the Periodicals Directory in which

year?

a) 1870

b) 1932 (Correct)

c) 1948

d) 1967

Explanation:1932 as the year for the Periodicals Directory's publication by R. R. Bowker.

12. Which company acquired R. R. Bowker in 2001?

a) Xerox Corporation

b) Reed International

c) Cambridge Information Group (Correct)

d) Barnes & Noble

Explanation: 2001 as the year Cambridge Information Group acquired Bowker.

13. In what year did Barnes & Noble designate the Books In Print database as its official

record?

a) 2000

b) 2001

c) 2002 (Correct)

d) 2003

Explanation: 2002 as the year Barnes & Noble recognized Books In Print as its record.

14. Which year saw Bowker's acquisition of the Pubnet database?

a) 2001

b) 2002 (Correct)

c) 2003

d) 2004

Explanation: Bowker acquired Pubnet in 2002.

15. Besides Pubnet, which other database did Bowker acquire in 2002?

a) Ulrich's Serials Analysis System

b) Monument Information Resource (Correct)

c) Syndetic Solutions

d) Resources for College Libraries

Explanation: Bowker acquiring both Pubnet and Monument Information Resource in 2002.

16. In which year did Bowker acquire Syndetic Solutions?

a) 2002

b) 2003

c) 2004 (Correct)

d) 2005

Explanation: Bowker acquired Syndetic Solutions in 2004.

17. What product did Bowker launch in 2005 that linked resources within the Ulrich's

database?

a) Ulrich's Serials Analysis System

b) Bowker's Book Analysis System

c) Ulrich's Resource Linker (Correct)

d) Fiction Connection

Explanation: 2005 as the year for the launch of Ulrich's Resource Linker.

18. Bowker partnered with which company to introduce the Bowker's Book Analysis System

in 2005?

a) Monument Information Resource

b) Syndetic Solutions

c) H.W. Wilson (Correct)

d) Fiction Connection

Explanation: H.W. Wilson partnered with Bowker for the Book Analysis System in 2005.

19. What is Bowker's primary function related to books in the United States?

a) Publishing books

b) Distributing books

c) Assigning ISBNs (Correct)

d) Promoting books

Explanation: Bowker is the official ISBN agency for the United States, indicating their role in

assigning International Standard Book Numbers.

Metadata services Publishers

1. Which database primarily replaced CiteSeer and ChemXSeer?

A) CORE

B) ERIC: Educational Resource Information Center

C) Europe PMC

D) CiteSeerX

Answer:

D) CiteSeerX

Explanation:

CiteSeerX replaced CiteSeer and ChemXSeer and mainly focuses on computer science, statistics, and

mathematics.

2. What is the size of the full-texts available in CORE?

A) 207,000

B) 9,800,000

C) 8,401,126

D) 7,500,000

Answer:

B) 9,800,000

Explanation:

CORE provides access to 9,800,000 full-text papers from various repositories and journals.

3. Who provides access to the ERIC: Educational Resource Information Center database?

A) Open University

B) United States Department of Education

C) Pennsylvania State University

D) EMBL-EBI

Answer:

B) United States Department of Education

Explanation:

The ERIC database is provided by the United States Department of Education, and it contains education

literature and resources dating back to 1966.

4. Which database focuses on biomedical and life sciences articles?

A) HAL

B) Europe PMC

C) Internet Archive Scholar

D) PhilPapers

Answer:

B) Europe PMC

Explanation:

Europe PMC focuses on biomedical and life sciences articles, providing access to abstracts and full-text

content.

5. What is the primary focus of PhilPapers database?

A) Computer science

B) Education

C) Philosophy

D) Multidisciplinary

Answer:

C) Philosophy

Explanation:

PhilPapers primarily focuses on indexing journals, books, open access archives, and personal pages related

to philosophy.

6. What is the primary focus of PubMed Central (PMC)?

A) Computer science

B) Biomedical and life sciences

C) Education

D) Economics

Answer:

B) Biomedical and life sciences

Explanation:

PubMed Central (PMC) primarily focuses on providing a free full-text archive of publications and preprints in the

biomedical and life sciences fields.

7. Which database focuses on economics-related materials, including working papers, journal articles, books,

and software components?

A) EconPapers

B) PubMed Central (PMC)

C) ResearchGate

D) RePEc: Research Papers in Economics

Answer:

D) RePEc: Research Papers in Economics

Explanation:

RePEc focuses on economics-related materials and provides access to working papers, journal articles, books,

book chapters, and software components.

8. What is the main purpose of ResearchGate?

A) To provide a free full-text archive of publications and preprints

B) To facilitate networking among scientists and researchers

C) To index biomedical and life sciences articles

D) To provide access to economics-related materials

Answer:

B) To facilitate networking among scientists and researchers

Explanation:

ResearchGate is a commercial social networking site for scientists and researchers, allowing them to share

articles, datasets, and other research output while facilitating networking.

9. Approximately how many registered users does ResearchGate have?

A) Over 19 million

B) Over 4 million

C) Over 7.5 million

D) Over 90,000

Answer:

A) Over 19 million

Explanation:

ResearchGate has over 19 million registered users who share their research articles, datasets, and other outputs.

10. Which institution or organization provides access to PubMed Central (PMC)?

A) Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

B) Örebro University School of Business

C) NIH, NLM

D) ResearchGate GmbH

Answer:

C) NIH, NLM

Explanation:

PubMed Central (PMC) is provided by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the National Library of

Medicine (NLM), offering a free full-text archive of publications and preprints in biomedical and life sciences.

11. What discipline does AGRIS primarily cover?

A) Archaeology

B) Agriculture

C) Computer Science

D) Astrophysics

Answer:

B) Agriculture

Explanation:

AGRIS is an agricultural database covering agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, aquatic sciences and

fisheries, human nutrition, and extension literature from over 100 countries.

12. What is the main focus of Arachne?

A) Computer Science

B) Agriculture

C) Archaeology, Art history

D) Astrophysics, Geophysics, Physics

Answer:

C) Archaeology, Art history

Explanation:

Arachne focuses on archaeology and art history, providing digital images, books, scans of ancient sculptures,

and ancient books with a significant number of pages.

13. Which database is primarily used to index and search academic social networks in the field of Computer

Science?

A) AGRIS

B) Arachne

C) AMiner

D) Arts & Humanities Citation Index

Answer:

C) AMiner

Explanation:

AMiner is a database in the field of Computer Science, serving as an online service used to index and search

academic social networks.

14. What is the access cost for the Arts & Humanities Citation Index?

A) Free

B) Subscription

C) Unknown

D) Semi-free

Answer:

B) Subscription

Explanation:

Access to the Arts & Humanities Citation Index requires a subscription. It is part of the Web of Science and

covers arts and humanities disciplines with records dating back from 1975 to the present.

15. Which institution provides the Astrophysics Data System?

A) Harvard University

B) Tsinghua University

C) FAO

D) DAI & University of Cologne

Answer:

A) Harvard University

Explanation:

The Astrophysics Data System is provided by Harvard University and offers publications in astronomy and

astrophysics, physics, and the arXiv e-prints.

16. Which database primarily focuses on religious studies?

A) BASE: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine

B) ATLA Religion Database

C) Book Review Index Online

D) Astrophysics Data System

Answer:

B) ATLA Religion Database

17. What is the main content of BASE: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine?

A) Book reviews

B) Religious studies

C) Metadata for documents

D) Astrophysics publications

Answer:

C) Metadata for documents

18. What does the Book Review Index Online primarily provide information about?

A) Religious studies

B) Book reviews

C) Multidisciplinary research

D) Metadata for documents

Answer:

B) Book reviews

19. How many documents does BASE: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine have metadata for?

A) 3,000,000

B) 259,497,239

C) 5,600,000

D) 13,300,000

Answer:

B) 259,497,239

20. Which database offers information on topics such as biblical studies, world religions, and church history?

A) ATLA Religion Database

B) Astrophysics Data System

C) BASE: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine

D) Book Review Index Online

Answer:

A) ATLA Religion Database

21. Which subscription service provides access to the Book Review Index Online?

A) EBSCO Publishing

B) Bielefeld University

C) Thomson Gale

D) United States Department of Education

Answer:

C) Thomson Gale

22. Which provider offers access to the CAB Abstracts database?

A) R. R. Bowker

B) CABI

C) EBSCO

D) CINAHL

Answer:

B) CABI

23. What is the discipline covered by the CINAHL: Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health database?

A) Books

B) Applied life sciences

C) Nursing, Allied Health

D) Biomedicine

Answer:

C) Nursing, Allied Health

24. Which database provides bibliographic information on applied life sciences literature?

A) Books in Print

B) CAB Abstracts

C) CINAHL: Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health

D) EBSCO

Answer:

B) CAB Abstracts

25. Who is the provider of the CINAHL: Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health database?

A) R. R. Bowker

B) CABI

C) EBSCO

D) CINAHL

Answer:

C) EBSCO

26. Which organization provides the GeoRef database?

A) American Geosciences Institute

B) Geological Society of America

C) National Geographic Society

D) United States Geological Survey

Answer:

A) American Geosciences Institute

27. What is the primary focus of the Inspec database?

A) Biology and Medicine

B) Physics, Engineering, and Computer Science

C) History and Literature

D) Economics and Finance

Answer:

B) Physics, Engineering, and Computer Science

28. Which organization provides the Inspec database?

A) IEEE

B) American Geosciences Institute

C) IET (Institution of Engineering and Technology)

D) Google

Answer:

C) IET (Institution of Engineering and Technology)

29. What is the primary focus of the Google Scholar database?

A) Geosciences

B) Multidisciplinary

C) Physics, Engineering, and Computer Science

D) Australasian content

Answer:

B) Multidisciplinary

30. Which organization provides the Informit database?

A) Google

B) IET (Institution of Engineering and Technology)

C) RMIT Training Pty Ltd (RMIT Training)

D) American Geosciences Institute

Answer:

C) RMIT Training Pty Ltd (RMIT Training)

31. What is the primary focus of the GeoRef database?

A) Multidisciplinary

B) Physics, Engineering, and Computer Science

C) Geosciences

D) Australasian content

Answer:

C) Geosciences

32. Which organization provides the Google Scholar database?

A) Google

B) American Geosciences Institute

C) IET (Institution of Engineering and Technology)

D) RMIT Training Pty Ltd (RMIT Training)

Answer:

A) Google

33. What is the primary focus of the Informit database?

A) Geosciences

B) Multidisciplinary

C) Physics, Engineering, and Computer Science

D) Australasian content

Answer:

D) Australasian content

34. What is the primary focus of the International Nuclear Information System (INIS) database?

A) Philosophy

B) Nuclear Physics, Nuclear Energy, Medical Physics

C) Geosciences

D) Multidisciplinary

Answer:

B) Nuclear Physics, Nuclear Energy, Medical Physics

35. Which organization provides the International Philosophical Bibliography database?

A) International Atomic Energy Agency

B) Peeters Publishers

C) Université Catholique de Louvain

D) International Geophysical Union

Answer:

C) Université Catholique de Louvain

36. What is the primary focus of the International Philosophical Bibliography database?

A) Nuclear Physics, Nuclear Energy, Medical Physics

B) Multidisciplinary

C) Philosophy

D) Geosciences

Answer:

C) Philosophy

37. Which organization provides the International Nuclear Information System (INIS) database?

A) Peeters Publishers

B) Université Catholique de Louvain

C) International Atomic Energy Agency

D) International Geophysical Union

Answer:

C) International Atomic Energy Agency

38. What is the primary focus of J-Gate?

A) Mathematics

B) Multidisciplinary

C) Medicine, Healthcare

D) Geosciences

Answer:

B) Multidisciplinary

39. Which organization provides The Lens database?

A) Cambia

B) American Mathematical Society

C) Informatics India Ltd

D) NLM

Answer:

A) Cambia

40. What is the primary focus of MathSciNet?

A) Mathematics

B) Multidisciplinary

C) Medicine, Healthcare

D) Geosciences

Answer:

A) Mathematics

41. Which organization provides the MEDLINE database?

A) Cambia

B) American Mathematical Society

C) Informatics India Ltd

D) NLM

Answer:

D) NLM

42. Which field does the International Nuclear Information System (INIS) primarily cover?

A) Mathematics

B) Nuclear Physics, Nuclear Energy, Medical Physics

C) Multidisciplinary

D) Philosophy

Answer:

B) Nuclear Physics, Nuclear Energy, Medical Physics

43. What type of literature does J-Gate provide access to?

A) Grey literature

B) Patent literature

C) E-journal literature

D) Book literature

Answer:

C) E-journal literature

44. What is the main focus of the International Philosophical Bibliography?

A) Mathematics

B) Nuclear Physics, Nuclear Energy, Medical Physics

C) Philosophy

D) Multidisciplinary

Answer:

C) Philosophy

45. Which organization is responsible for providing access to MEDLINE?

A) Cambia

B) American Mathematical Society

C) Informatics India Ltd

D) NLM

Answer:

D) NLM

46. What is the primary focus of The Lens database?

A) Mathematics

B) Medicine, Healthcare

C) Multidisciplinary

D) Patent and scholarly knowledge

Answer:

D) Patent and scholarly knowledge

47. Which field does MathSciNet primarily cover?

A) Mathematics

B) Multidisciplinary

C) Medicine, Healthcare

D) Geosciences

Answer:

A) Mathematics

48. What is the main focus of MEDLINE?

A) Mathematics

B) Multidisciplinary

C) Medicine, Healthcare

D) Geosciences

Answer:

C) Medicine, Healthcare

49. Which field does GeoRef primarily cover?

A) Nuclear Physics, Nuclear Energy, Medical Physics

B) Mathematics

C) Geosciences

D) Philosophy

Answer:

C) Geosciences

50. What is the primary focus of BASE: Bielefeld Academic Search Engine?

A) Multidisciplinary

B) Mathematics

C) Medicine, Healthcare

D) Philosophy

Answer:

A) Multidisciplinary

51. What is the main focus of MyScienceWork?

A) Mathematics

B) Multidisciplinary

C) Medicine, Healthcare

D) Philosophy

Answer:

B) Multidisciplinary

52. Which organization provides the National Diet Library Collection?

A) National Diet Library

B) American Mathematical Society

C) OpenAIRE AMKE

D) OCLC

Answer:

A) National Diet Library

53. What is the primary purpose of OAIster?

A) Indexing patents

B) Cataloging Japanese literature

C) Aggregating records from various organizations

D) Providing access to multidisciplinary journals

Answer:

C) Aggregating records from various organizations

54. What is the main focus of OpenAIRE Graph?

A) Mathematics

B) Multidisciplinary

C) Medicine, Healthcare

D) Philosophy

Answer:

B) Multidisciplinary

55. How many scientific publications are included in the MyScienceWork database?

A) 9 million

B) 90 million

C) 12 million

D) 1.5 million

Answer:

B) 90 million

56. Which field does the National Diet Library Collection primarily cover?

A) Mathematics

B) Multidisciplinary

C) Medicine, Healthcare

D) Japanese literature

Answer:

D) Japanese literature

57. What type of service does OpenAIRE Graph provide?

A) Patent indexing

B) Aggregating metadata of publications, research data, and research software

C) Cataloging scientific articles

D) Bibliographic search

Answer:

B) Aggregating metadata of publications, research data, and research software

58. How many organizations contribute records to OAIster?

A) Over 1,000

B) Over 10,000

C) Over 100

D) Over 1,500

Answer:

D) Over 1,500

59. Which organization provides OAIster?

A) OCLC

B) OpenAIRE AMKE

C) National Diet Library

D) MyScienceWork Inc

Answer:

A) OCLC

60. What is the access cost for accessing the National Diet Library Collection?

A) Free

B) Subscription-based

C) Semi-free

D) Unknown

Answer:

A) Free

61. What is the main focus of OpenAlex?

A) Mathematics

B) Psychology

C) Multidisciplinary

D) Philosophy

Answer:

C) Multidisciplinary

62. What is the primary purpose of Paperity?

A) Indexing patents

B) Aggregating open access journals and papers

C) Cataloging psychological literature

D) Providing access to medical articles

Answer:

B) Aggregating open access journals and papers

63. Which field does PsycINFO primarily cover?

A) Mathematics

B) Psychology

C) Multidisciplinary

D) Philosophy

Answer:

B) Psychology

64. What type of service does OpenAlex provide?

A) Patent indexing

B) Aggregating metadata of scholarly output

C) Cataloging scientific articles

D) Bibliographic search

Answer:

B) Aggregating metadata of scholarly output

65. What is the access cost for accessing Paperity?

A) Free

B) Subscription-based

C) Semi-free

D) Unknown

Answer:

A) Free

66. What is the coverage range of PsycINFO?

A) 1800–present

B) 1900–present

C) 1887–present

D) 2000–present

Answer:

C) 1887–present

67. What is the primary focus of PubMed?

A) Mathematics

B) Civil Engineering

C) Biomedical and life sciences

D) Philosophy

Answer:

C) Biomedical and life sciences

68. What type of database is RSWBplus?

A) Multidisciplinary

B) Civil Engineering and Architecture

C) Biomedical and life sciences

D) Philosophy

Answer:

B) Civil Engineering and Architecture

69. What is the main language covered by the Russian Science Citation Index?

A) English

B) German

C) Russian

D) French

Answer:

C) Russian

70. Which institution sponsors PubMed?

A) Fraunhofer IRB

B) Scientific Electronic Library

C) NIH, NLM

D) RSWBplus

Answer:

C) NIH, NLM

71. What is included in PubMed's database?

A) MEDLINE

B) Biomedical patents

C) Civil Engineering literature

D) Mathematics articles

Answer:

A) MEDLINE

72. What is the subscription status of RSWBplus?

A) Free

B) Subscription-based

C) Semi-free

D) Unknown

Answer:

B) Subscription-based

73. What is the chronological coverage of RSWBplus?

A) Since 1900

B) Since 1950

C) Since 1975

D) Since 2000

Answer:

C) Since 1975

74. Which field does the Russian Science Citation Index cover?

A) Multidisciplinary

B) Civil Engineering and Architecture

C) Biomedical and life sciences

D) Philosophy

Answer:

A) Multidisciplinary

75. What disciplines does ScienceOpen cover?

A) Natural and physical sciences only

B) Social sciences only

C) Humanities only

D) Natural and physical sciences, social sciences, and humanities

Answer:

D) Natural and physical sciences, social sciences, and humanities

76. Which databases does ScienceOpen incorporate?

A) PubMed only

B) Scopus only

C) arXiv, PubMed, and SciELO

D) Web of Science only

Answer:

C) arXiv, PubMed, and SciELO

77. How many titles and publishers does Scopus cover?

A) Over 5,000 titles from over 20,500 publishers

B) Over 20,500 titles from over 5,000 publishers

C) Over 10,000 titles from over 15,000 publishers

D) Over 15,000 titles from over 10,000 publishers

Answer:

B) Over 20,500 titles from over 5,000 publishers

78. What products are included in Web of Science?

A) Science Citation Index only

B) Social Sciences Citation Index only

C) Science Citation Index, Social Sciences Citation Index, Biological Abstracts & The Zoological Record

D) Biological Abstracts & The Zoological Record only

Answer:

C) Science Citation Index, Social Sciences Citation Index, Biological Abstracts & The Zoological Record

79. What language are the articles indexed in Zasshi Kiji Sakuin?

A) English

B) Japanese

C) Spanish

D) French

Answer:

B) Japanese

80. What is the subscription status of ScienceOpen?

A) Free

B) Subscription-based

C) Semi-free

D) Unknown

Answer:

A) Free

81. What is the publisher of Scopus?

A) Elsevier

B) Clarivate Analytics

C) ScienceOpen Inc.

D) National Diet Library

Answer:

A) Elsevier

82. Which institution sponsors Zasshi Kiji Sakuin?

A) ScienceOpen Inc.

B) Elsevier

C) Clarivate Analytics

D) National Diet Library

Answer:

D) National Diet Library

83. What is the primary focus of Scopus?

A) Humanities

B) Social sciences

C) Multidisciplinary

D) Natural and physical sciences

Answer:

C) Multidisciplinary

84. What is the main focus of Web of Science?

A) Humanities

B) Social sciences

C) Multidisciplinary

D) Natural and physical sciences

Answer:

C) Multidisciplinary

85. What feature is integrated with ScienceOpen, providing unique identifiers for articles?

A) ORCID

B) Scopus

C) PubMed

D) Web of Science

Answer:

A) ORCID

86. What is the primary focus of Zasshi Kiji Sakuin?

A) Humanities

B) Social sciences

C) Multidisciplinary

D) Natural and physical sciences

Answer:

C) Multidisciplinary

87. What is the primary focus of Zentralblatt MATH?

A) Chemistry

B) Mathematics

C) Physics

D) Biology

Answer:

B) Mathematics

88. What is the subscription status of The Zoological Record?

A) Free

B) Subscription-based

C) Semi-free

D) Unknown

Answer:

B) Subscription-based

89. Which organization provides Zentralblatt MATH?

A) FIZ Karlsruhe

B) Clarivate Analytics

C) Elsevier

D) National Diet Library

Answer:

A) FIZ Karlsruhe

90. What is the primary focus of The Zoological Record?

A) Botany

B) Zoology

C) Paleontology

D) Marine Biology

Answer:

B) Zoology

91. What type of content does Zentralblatt MATH mainly provide?

A) Full-text articles

B) Book reviews and abstracts

C) Conference proceedings

D) Research datasets

Answer:

B) Book reviews and abstracts

92. What type of register is The Zoological Record?

A) Register of chemical compounds

B) Register of scientific names & papers in zoology

C) Register of geological formations

D) Register of medical conditions

Answer:

B) Register of scientific names & papers in zoology

93. What is the coverage period of The Zoological Record?

A) Since 1960

B) Since 1880

C) Since 1864

D) Since 1900

Answer:

C) Since 1864

94. Which field is primarily covered by Zentralblatt MATH?

A) Zoology

B) Mathematics

C) Physics

D) Botany

Answer:

B) Mathematics

95. Who sponsors The Zoological Record?

A) FIZ Karlsruhe

B) Clarivate Analytics

C) Elsevier

D) National Diet Library

Answer:

B) Clarivate Analytics

96. What is the access cost for Zentralblatt MATH?

A) Free

B) Subscription-based

C) Semi-free

D) Unknown

Answer:

A) Free

97. What is the primary focus of Internet Archive Scholar?

A) Mathematics

B) Computer Science

C) Biomedical Sciences

D) Multidisciplinary

Answer:

D) Multidisciplinary

98. Which organization provides CORE?

A) Open University

B) Pennsylvania State University

C) Allen Institute for Artificial Intelligence

D) EMBL-EBI

Answer:

A) Open University

99. What is the total number of documents available on CiteSeerX?

A) 8,401,126

B) 6,000,000

C) 10,000,000

D) 5,000,000

Answer:

A) 8,401,126

100. What is the primary focus of Semantic Scholar?

A) Mathematics

B) Computer Science and Biomedical Sciences

C) Chemistry

D) Social Sciences

Answer:

B) Computer Science and Biomedical Sciences

101. Which organization provides Europe PMC?

A) Open University

B) Pennsylvania State University

C) EMBL-EBI

D) Allen Institute for Artificial Intelligence

Answer:

C) EMBL-EBI

102. Does Internet Archive Scholar offer full-text search of open access journals and conference proceedings?

A) Yes

B) No

Answer:

A) Yes

103. Does CORE aggregate all open access papers from repositories and journals?

A) Yes

B) No

Answer:

A) Yes

104. Which field is mainly covered by CiteSeerX?

A) Computer Science, Statistics, Mathematics

B) Biomedical Sciences

C) Social Sciences

D) Physics

Answer:

A) Computer Science, Statistics, Mathematics

105. What is the access cost for Semantic Scholar?

A) Free

B) Subscription-based

C) Semi-free

D) Unknown

Answer:

A) Free

ERIC - Education Resources Information Centre

1. Who sponsors the Education Resources Information Center (ERIC)?

A) National Science Foundation

B) Institute of Education Sciences

C) National Institutes of Health

D) National Endowment for the Humanities

Answer:

B) Institute of Education Sciences

Explanation:

ERIC is sponsored by the Institute of Education Sciences of the United States Department of Education.

2. What is the main mission of ERIC?

A) To provide a comprehensive, easy-to-use, searchable, Internet-based database of education research and

information

B) To provide financial support for educational research projects

C) To develop educational software for schools

D) To conduct educational training workshops for teachers

Answer:

A) To provide a comprehensive, easy-to-use, searchable, Internet-based database of education research and

information

Explanation:

The main mission of ERIC is to provide a comprehensive, easy-to-use, searchable, Internet-based bibliographic

and full-text database of education research and information for educators, researchers, and the general public.

3. Approximately how many bibliographic records does ERIC provide access to?

A) 500,000

B) 1 million

C) 1.5 million

D) 2 million

Answer:

C) 1.5 million

Explanation:

ERIC provides access to 1.5 million bibliographic records (citations, abstracts, and other pertinent data) of

journal articles and other education-related materials.

4. What percentage of the complete ERIC Collection is available in full text?

A) 10%

B) 25%

C) 50%

D) 75%

Answer:

B) 25%

Explanation:

Approximately one quarter of the complete ERIC Collection is available in full text.

5. What publication types are included in the ERIC Collection?

A) Only journal articles

B) Only books

C) Journal articles, books, research syntheses, conference papers, technical reports, dissertations, policy

papers, and other education-related materials

D) Only research syntheses

Answer:

C) Journal articles, books, research syntheses, conference papers, technical reports, dissertations, policy

papers, and other education-related materials

Explanation:

The ERIC Collection includes various publication types such as journal articles, books, research syntheses,

conference papers, technical reports, dissertations, policy papers, and other education-related materials.

IEEE Xplore Digital Library

1. Which fields are covered by IEEE Xplore?

A) Medicine and Biology

B) Computer Science, Electrical Engineering, and Electronics

C) Psychology and Sociology

D) History and Literature

Answer:

B) Computer Science, Electrical Engineering, and Electronics

Explanation:

IEEE Xplore provides access to journal articles, conference proceedings, technical standards, and related

materials mainly in the fields of computer science, electrical engineering, and electronics.

2. How many documents are available in IEEE Xplore?

A) 1 million

B) 5 million

C) 10 million

D) 20 million

Answer:

B) 5 million

Explanation:

IEEE Xplore provides web access to more than 5 million documents from publications in various fields.

3. How many peer-reviewed journals are included in IEEE Xplore?

A) 100

B) 300

C) 500

D) 700

Answer:

B) 300

Explanation:

IEEE Xplore contains material from more than 300 peer-reviewed journals.

4. How many global conferences are included in IEEE Xplore?

A) 500

B) 1,000

C) 1,500

D) 1,900

Answer:

D) 1,900

Explanation:

IEEE Xplore includes material from more than 1,900 global conferences.

5. How many technical standards are available in IEEE Xplore?

A) 5,000

B) 10,000

C) 15,000

D) 20,000

Answer:

A) 5,000

Explanation:

IEEE Xplore contains more than 11,000 technical standards.

6. How often are new documents added to IEEE Xplore?

A) Weekly

B) Monthly

C) Quarterly

D) Annually

Answer:

B) Monthly

Explanation:

Approximately 20,000 new documents are added to IEEE Xplore each month.

7. Who can search IEEE Xplore and find bibliographic records and abstracts?

A) Only subscribers

B) Only IEEE members

C) Anyone

D) Researchers with institutional affiliations

Answer:

C) Anyone

Explanation:

Anyone can search IEEE Xplore and find bibliographic records and abstracts for its contents.

8. When was IEEE Xplore established?

A) May 2000

B) January 1995

C) August 2005

D) April 2010

Answer:

A) May 2000

Explanation:

IEEE Xplore was established in May 2000.

9. Which organizations are the producers of IEEE Xplore?

A) Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) only

B) Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET) only

C) IEEE and IET

D) IEEE and Springer

Answer:

C) IEEE and IET

Explanation:

IEEE Xplore is produced by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) and the Institution of

Engineering and Technology (IET).

10. What is the primary language of IEEE Xplore?

A) French

B) German

C) Spanish

D) English

Answer:

D) English

Explanation:

The primary language of IEEE Xplore is English.

11. Which of the following access providers offers IEEE Xplore?

A) PubMed

B) Google Scholar

C) IEEE Xplore

D) JSTOR

Answer:

C) IEEE Xplore

Explanation:

IEEE Xplore itself serves as the access provider for its digital library.

12. What type of cost model does IEEE Xplore operate on?

A) Pay-per-view

B) Open access

C) Freemium

D) Subscription

Answer:

D) Subscription

Explanation:

IEEE Xplore operates on a subscription-based cost model.

13. Which organization is the primary publisher behind IEEE Xplore?

A) ACM (Association for Computing Machinery)

B) IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers)

C) IET (Institution of Engineering and Technology)

D) ASME (American Society of Mechanical Engineers)

Answer:

B) IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers)

Explanation:

IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) is the primary publisher behind IEEE Xplore.

14. How many documents and materials are available in IEEE Xplore?

A) More than 1 million

B) More than 3 million

C) More than 6 million

D) More than 10 million

Answer:

C) More than 6 million

Explanation:

IEEE Xplore contains more than 6 million documents and other materials.

15. Which of the following is NOT included in the content available in IEEE Xplore?

A) Research articles

B) Conference papers

C) Technical standards

D) Medical journals

Answer:

D) Medical journals

Explanation:

IEEE Xplore primarily focuses on electrical engineering, computer science, and related sciences, so medical

journals are not included in its content.

16. How often is new content added to IEEE Xplore?

A) Weekly

B) Monthly

C) Quarterly

D) Annually

Answer:

B) Monthly

17. How can individuals access documents and materials in IEEE Xplore?

A) Only through institutional subscription options

B) Only through individual subscriptions for IEEE members

C) Only through eCommerce purchases

D) Through institutional subscription options, individual subscriptions for IEEE members, and eCommerce

purchases

Answer:

D) Through institutional subscription options, individual subscriptions for IEEE members, and eCommerce

purchases

Explanation:

Individuals can access documents and materials in IEEE Xplore through various means, including institutional

subscription options, individual subscriptions for IEEE members, and eCommerce purchases.

18. Which organization publishes the IEICE Communications Express (ComEX) journal, now available on IEEE

Xplore?

A) IEEE

B) ACM

C) IEICE

D) River Publishers

Answer:

C) IEICE (Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers)

Explanation:

IEICE Communications Express (ComEX) is published by the Institute of Electronics, Information and

Communication Engineers (IEICE).

19. Which STM publisher's journal publications are now available on IEEE Xplore, including titles such as Journal

of ICT Standardization and Journal of Web Engineering?

A) IEEE

B) ACM

C) River Publishers

D) Packt

Answer:

C) River Publishers

Explanation:

River Publishers, an internationally active STM publisher, now has journal publications available on IEEE Xplore,

including titles like Journal of ICT Standardization and Journal of Web Engineering.

20. What type of content is included in the Packt eBooks Collection now available on IEEE Xplore?

A) Academic journals

B) Technical standards

C) eBooks

D) Conference proceedings

Answer:

C) eBooks

Explanation:

The Packt eBooks Collection available on IEEE Xplore includes titles on various topics such as web development,

IoT and hardware, data, programming, cloud and networking, mobile applications, cybersecurity, and game

development.

21. What feature has been introduced in IEEE Xplore that allows users to click, drag, drop, move, and more

within articles?

A) Virtual reality

B) Augmented reality

C) Immersive articles

D) Interactive articles

Answer:

C) Immersive articles

Explanation:

IEEE Xplore now features immersive articles that allow users to interact with content by clicking, dragging,

dropping, moving, and more.

22. What service is IEEE Xplore now participating in to foster a more streamlined online access experience when

using scholarly collaboration tools and information resources?

A) SeamlessAccess

B) OpenAccess

C) CrossRef

D) ORCID

Answer:

A) SeamlessAccess

Explanation:

IEEE Xplore now participates in SeamlessAccess, a service designed to help foster a more streamlined online

access experience when using scholarly collaboration tools, information resources, and shared research

infrastructure.

Project MUSE

1. What is Project MUSE?

A) A for-profit collaboration between libraries and publishers

B) An online database of non-peer-reviewed academic journals

C) A non-profit collaboration between libraries and publishers

D) A digital rights management service

Answer:

C) A non-profit collaboration between libraries and publishers

Explanation:

Project MUSE is a non-profit collaboration between libraries and publishers.

2. What type of content does Project MUSE contain?

A) Only digital humanities content

B) Only social science content

C) Only peer-reviewed academic journals

D) Both peer-reviewed academic journals and electronic books

Answer:

D) Both peer-reviewed academic journals and electronic books

Explanation:

Project MUSE contains digital humanities and social science content, including peer-reviewed academic journals

and electronic books.

3. How many university presses and scholarly societies contribute content to Project MUSE?

A) 100

B) 200

C) 300

D) 400

Answer:

D) 400

Explanation:

Project MUSE contains content from some 400 university presses and scholarly societies around the world.

4. How does Project MUSE operate in terms of digital rights management (DRM)?

A) It imposes DRM on all content

B) It offers DRM-free content

C) It restricts access to content based on DRM

D) It collaborates with DRM providers

Answer:

B) It offers DRM-free content

Explanation:

Project MUSE offers digital versions of academic journals that are free of digital rights management (DRM).

5. How are Project MUSE's online journal collections made available?

A) Only through individual purchase

B) Only through institutional purchase

C) Only through subscription basis to academic libraries

D) Through subscription basis to academic, public, special, and school libraries

Answer:

D) Through subscription basis to academic, public, special, and school libraries

Explanation:

Project MUSE's online journal collections are available on a subscription basis to academic, public, special, and

school libraries.

6. When was Project MUSE founded?

A) 1985

B) 1993

C) 2000

D) 2012

Answer:

B) 1993

Explanation:

Project MUSE was founded in 1993 as a joint project between the Johns Hopkins University Press and the Milton

S. Eisenhower Library at the Johns Hopkins University.

7. Which organizations provided grants for the launch of Project MUSE?

A) National Institutes of Health and the National Science Foundation

B) Andrew W. Mellon Foundation and the National Endowment for the Humanities

C) The Ford Foundation and the Rockefeller Foundation

D) The Gates Foundation and the MacArthur Foundation

Answer:

B) Andrew W. Mellon Foundation and the National Endowment for the Humanities

Explanation:

Grants from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation and the National Endowment for the Humanities supported the

launch of Project MUSE.

8. When were journals from other scholarly publishers integrated into Project MUSE's online collections?

A) 1995

B) 2000

C) 2012

D) 2015

Answer:

B) 2000

Explanation:

Beginning in 2000, journals from other scholarly publishers were integrated into Project MUSE's online

collections.

9. What is the Simple Web Indexing System for Humans (SWISH)?

A) A grant-providing organization

B) A utility for powering Project MUSE

C) A journal publishing platform

D) A digital rights management system

Answer:

B) A utility for powering Project MUSE

Explanation:

The platform is powered by the WAIS searching utility called SWISH (Simple Web Indexing System for Humans).

10. What feature does SWISH provide for users searching within articles?

A) Boolean searching

B) Full-text search

C) Footnote hyperlinks

D) Volume browsing

Answer:

C) Footnote hyperlinks

Explanation:

In cases where footnotes exist in articles, the footnote number is presented as a hyperlink to the article's

bibliography or notes section, facilitated by SWISH.

11. When did the University Press e-book Consortium (UPeC) emerge?

A) 2000

B) 2005

C) 2009

D) 2011

Answer:

C) 2009

Explanation:

The University Press e-book Consortium (UPeC) emerged in 2009.

12. What was the purpose of the UPeC initiative?

A) To explore the feasibility of university press-based e-book initiatives

B) To develop a digital rights management system for e-books

C) To fund library community projects

D) To digitize out-of-print scholarly articles

Answer:

A) To explore the feasibility of university press-based e-book initiatives

Explanation:

UPeC emerged to explore the feasibility of, and later develop, a university press-based e-book initiative.

13. When were the University Press Content Consortium (UPCC) Book Collections on Project MUSE

established?

A) 2009

B) 2011

C) 2012

D) 2016

Answer:

B) 2011

Explanation:

The University Press Content Consortium (UPCC) Book Collections on Project MUSE were established in

Spring 2011.

14. What initiative was launched by Project MUSE in 2016?

A) UPeC

B) UPCC

C) MUSE Open

D) Project MUSE-YBP partnership

Answer:

C) MUSE Open

Explanation:

In 2016, Project MUSE launched an initiative to create an open access platform, known as MUSE Open.

15. What formats are the electronic books available in the UPCC Book Collections on Project MUSE?

A) PDF only

B) EPUB only

C) Both PDF and EPUB

D) HTML

Answer:

C) Both PDF and EPUB

Explanation:

All content from the print editions of the electronic books are full-text, accessible in PDF format, and fully

searchable and retrievable at the chapter level.

16. What types of subscriptions are available for institutions accessing the UPCC Book Collections?

A) Current Subscription and Archival Subscription

B) Yearly Subscription and Lifetime Subscription

C) Individual Subscription and Institutional Subscription

D) Free Subscription and Paid Subscription

Answer:

A) Current Subscription and Archival Subscription

Explanation:

Two subscription options that provide access only (no ownership) are available to institutions: the Current

Subscription and the Archival Subscription.

17. How many subject-based collections are available in the UPCC Book Collections on Project MUSE?

A) 10

B) 12

C) 14

D) 16

Answer:

C) 14

Explanation:

There are fourteen subject-based collections available in the UPCC Book Collections on Project MUSE.

18. Which of the following is NOT one of the subject-based collections available in the UPCC Book Collections?

A) Archaeology and Anthropology

B) Film, Theater, and Performing Arts

C) Business and Economics

D) Literature

Answer:

C) Business and Economics

Explanation:

The UPCC Book Collections include subject-based collections such as Archaeology and Anthropology, Film,

Theater, and Performing Arts, Literature, etc. Business and Economics is not among them.

19. What partnership was formed by Project MUSE in November 2012?

A) Andrew W. Mellon Foundation

B) EBSCO Information Services

C) YBP Library Services

D) JSTOR

Answer:

C) YBP Library Services

Explanation:

In November 2012, Project MUSE formed a partnership with YBP Library Services.

20. What was the purpose of the partnership between Project MUSE and YBP Library Services?

A) To digitize out-of-print scholarly books

B) To explore the feasibility of university press-based e-book initiatives

C) To sell single book titles from the University Press Content Consortium on the MUSE platform

D) To develop a digital rights management system

Answer:

C) To sell single book titles from the University Press Content Consortium on the MUSE platform

Explanation:

The partnership aimed to sell single book titles from the University Press Content Consortium on the MUSE

platform.

Springer

1. What is Springer Science+Business Media commonly known as?

A) Springer Nature

B) Wiley

C) Elsevier

D) Oxford University Press

Answer:

A) Springer Nature

Explanation:

Springer Science+Business Media is commonly known as Springer Nature.

2. In which year was Springer originally founded in Berlin?

A) 1642

B) 1742

C) 1842

D) 1942

Answer:

C) 1842

Explanation:

Springer was originally founded in Berlin in 1842.

3. In which decade did Springer expand internationally?

A) 1860s

B) 1960s

C) 1970s

D) 1980s

Answer:

B) 1960s

Explanation:

Springer expanded internationally in the 1960s.

4. When did Springer fuse with Wolters Kluwer?

A) 1960s

B) 1970s

C) 1980s

D) 1990s

Answer:

D) 1990s

Explanation:

Springer fused with Wolters Kluwer in the 1990s.

5. When did Springer become part of Springer Nature?

A) 2005

B) 2010

C) 2015

D) 2020

Answer:

C) 2015

Explanation:

Springer became part of Springer Nature in 2015.

6. Who founded Springer-Verlag in Berlin in 1842?

A) Ferdinand Springer

B) Julius Springer

C) Bertelsmann

D) Candover

Answer:

B) Julius Springer

Explanation:

Julius Springer founded Springer-Verlag in Berlin in 1842.

7. How did Ferdinand Springer contribute to the growth of Springer-Verlag?

A) He founded the company

B) He expanded the business internationally

C) He merged the company with Kluwer Academic Publishers

D) He grew it from a small firm into Germany's then second-largest academic publisher

Answer:

D) He grew it from a small firm into Germany's then second-largest academic publisher

Explanation:

Ferdinand Springer grew Springer-Verlag from a small firm of 4 employees into Germany's then second-largest

academic publisher with 65 staff.

8. In which year did Springer expand its business internationally by opening an office in New York City?

A) 1942

B) 1954

C) 1964

D) 1976

Answer:

C) 1964

Explanation:

Springer expanded its business internationally in 1964 by opening an office in New York City.

9. When was Bertelsmann Springer formed?

A) 1979

B) 1989

C) 1999

D) 2009

Answer:

C) 1999

Explanation:

Bertelsmann Springer was formed in 1999 after Bertelsmann bought a majority stake in Springer-Verlag.

10. When did Springer Science+Business Media officially form?

A) 2002

B) 2003

C) 2004

D) 2006

Answer:

C) 2004

Explanation:

Springer Science+Business Media officially formed in 2004 when Bertelsmann Springer merged with Kluwer

Academic Publishers.

11. In which year did Springer acquire Humana Press?

A) 2006

B) 2008

C) 2009

D) 2011

Answer:

A) 2006

Explanation:

Springer acquired Humana Press in 2006.

12. When did Springer acquire the open-access publisher BioMed Central?

A) 2006

B) 2008

C) 2009

D) 2011

Answer:

B) 2008

Explanation:

Springer acquired the open-access publisher BioMed Central in October 2008.

13. Who sold Springer to two private equity firms, EQT Partners and Government of Singapore Investment

Corporation, in 2009?

A) Cinven and Candover

B) Wolters Kluwer

C) Bertelsmann

D) Springer's founders

Answer:

A) Cinven and Candover

Explanation:

Cinven and Candover sold Springer to two private equity firms, EQT Partners and Government of Singapore

Investment Corporation, in 2009.

14. In which year did BC Partners acquire a majority stake in Springer from EQT and GIC?

A) 2011

B) 2013

C) 2015

D) 2017

Answer:

B) 2013

Explanation:

In 2013, BC Partners acquired a majority stake in Springer from EQT and GIC.

15. When was the merger between Holtzbrinck Publishing Group / Nature Publishing Group and Springer

Science+Business Media announced?

A) 2011

B) 2013

C) 2015

D) 2017

Answer:

A) 2011

Explanation:

The merger between Holtzbrinck Publishing Group / Nature Publishing Group and Springer Science+Business

Media was announced in January 2015.

16. In which year did Springer launch electronic book and journal content on its SpringerLink site?

A) 1996

B) 2008

C) 2009

D) 2018

Answer:

A) 1996

Explanation:

Springer launched electronic book and journal content on its SpringerLink site in 1996.

17. When was SpringerImages launched?

A) 1996

B) 2008

C) 2009

D) 2018

Answer:

B) 2008

Explanation:

SpringerImages was launched in 2008.

18. What is SpringerMaterials?

A) A platform for accessing laboratory protocols

B) A collection of scientific images

C) A database of research and information on materials and their properties

D) A tool for visualizing scientific research

Answer:

C) A database of research and information on materials and their properties

Explanation:

SpringerMaterials is a platform for accessing the Landolt-Börnstein database of research and information on

materials and their properties.

19. What is AuthorMapper?

A) A platform for accessing laboratory protocols

B) A collection of scientific images

C) A tool for visualizing scientific research

D) A database of research and information on materials and their properties

Answer:

C) A tool for visualizing scientific research

Explanation:

AuthorMapper is a free online tool for visualizing scientific research.

20. What does Springer Protocols contain?

A) Scientific images

B) Laboratory protocols

C) Research articles

D) Book publications

Answer:

B) Laboratory protocols

Explanation:

Springer Protocols contained a collection of laboratory protocols.

21. What is significant about Springer's approach to copyright for some of its journals?

A) Authors are required to transfer their copyrights

B) Authors are not allowed to decide on the licensing model for their articles

C) Authors can choose whether their articles are published under an open-access license or in a traditional

restricted license model

D) Authors must pay a fee for copyright retention

Answer:

C) Authors can choose whether their articles are published under an open-access license or in a traditional

restricted license model

Explanation:

For some of its journals, Springer allows authors to decide whether their articles are published under an open-

access license or in the traditional restricted license model.

22. Which imprint is known for its focus on computer science and information technology?

A) BioMed Central

B) Apress

C) Humana Press

D) SpringerOpen

Answer:

B) Apress

Explanation:

Apress is known for its focus on computer science and information technology.

23. Which imprint is focused on medical and life sciences publications?

A) Apress

B) Humana Press

C) Springer Gabler

D) Springer Spektrum

Answer:

B) Humana Press

Explanation:

Humana Press is focused on medical and life sciences publications.

24. Which imprint is associated with publications in mathematics?

A) Apress

B) Springer Gabler

C) Springer Praxis Books

D) Springer Spektrum

Answer:

D) Springer Spektrum

Explanation:

Springer Spektrum (formerly Spektrum Akademischer Verlag) is associated with publications in mathematics.

25. Which defunct imprints were dedicated to chemistry and physics?

A) BioMed Central and Chemistry Central

B) PhysMath Central and SpringerOpen

C) Chemistry Central and PhysMath Central

D) Baltzer Science Publishers and D. Reidel

Answer:

C) Chemistry Central and PhysMath Central

Explanation:

The defunct imprints Chemistry Central and PhysMath Central were dedicated to chemistry and physics,

respectively.

Science Direct

1. What is ScienceDirect?

A) A scientific journal

B) A medical database

C) A website providing access to scientific and medical publications

D) A book publisher

Answer:

C) A website providing access to scientific and medical publications

Explanation:

ScienceDirect is a website that provides access to a large bibliographic database of scientific and medical

publications.

2. How many pieces of content does ScienceDirect host?

A) Over 1 million

B) Over 10 million

C) Over 18 million

D) Over 30 million

Answer:

C) Over 18 million

Explanation:

ScienceDirect hosts over 18 million pieces of content from more than 4,000 academic journals and 30,000 e-

books.

3. Who is the publisher of ScienceDirect?

A) Wiley

B) Springer Nature

C) Elsevier

D) Taylor & Francis

Answer:

C) Elsevier

Explanation:

ScienceDirect is operated by Elsevier, a Dutch publisher.

4. When was ScienceDirect launched?

A) March 1987

B) March 1997

C) March 2007

D) March 2017

Answer:

B) March 1997

Explanation:

ScienceDirect was launched in March 1997.

5. What type of access is required for full-text content on ScienceDirect?

A) Subscription

B) Open access

C) Free access

D) Pay-per-view

Answer:

A) Subscription

Explanation:

Access to the full-text content on ScienceDirect requires a subscription, while the bibliographic metadata is free

to read.

6. How are the journals grouped on ScienceDirect?

A) By impact factor

B) By publication date

C) By main sections such as Physical Sciences and Engineering, Life Sciences, Health Sciences, and Social Sciences and Humanities

D) By geographic region

Answer:

C) By main sections such as Physical Sciences and Engineering, Life Sciences, Health Sciences, and Social

Sciences and Humanities

Explanation:

The journals on ScienceDirect are grouped into four main sections: Physical Sciences and Engineering, Life

Sciences, Health Sciences, and Social Sciences and Humanities.

7. What type of access is required to read article abstracts on ScienceDirect?

A) Subscription

B) Open access

C) Pay-per-view purchase

D) Free access

Answer:

D) Free access

Explanation:

Article abstracts are freely available on ScienceDirect.

8. How can users access the full texts of articles on ScienceDirect?

A) By subscription only

B) By pay-per-view purchase only

C) By subscription or pay-per-view purchase

D) By free access

Answer:

C) By subscription or pay-per-view purchase

Explanation:

Access to the full texts of articles on ScienceDirect generally requires a subscription or pay-per-view purchase.

9. How are subscriptions usually acquired for ScienceDirect's overall offering?

A) Through individual journal subscriptions

B) Through a big deal

C) Through open access

D) Through pay-per-view purchases

Answer:

B) Through a big deal

Explanation:

Subscriptions to the overall offering hosted on ScienceDirect are usually acquired through a so-called big deal.

10. What are some competitors of ScienceDirect in the scholarly communication content space?

A) YouTube

B) Facebook

C) ResearchGate and arXiv

D) Netflix

Answer:

C) ResearchGate and arXiv

Explanation:

ScienceDirect competes with other large aggregators and hosts of scholarly communication content such as

academic social network ResearchGate and open access repository arXiv.